Last Moments of Muhammad Ali Jinnah | History of Pakistan #2

Thirteen months after he created Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah was flown home to Karachi to die — and on the last road journey of his life, his ambulance broke down in the heat while traffic passed by, unaware of who lay inside. Episode #2 of the History of Pakistan series tells the story of his final weeks.


Almost nobody knew how ill he was. Through the 1940s Jinnah suffered from tuberculosis, a secret kept by his sister Fatima Jinnah and a small close circle. His last major public appearance was the inauguration of the State Bank of Pakistan on 1 July 1948.


In July 1948 he was taken to the Residency at Ziarat in the Balochistan hills, where tests showed tuberculosis and advanced lung cancer. The altitude itself — above 8,000 feet — was judged unsuitable, and on 13 August he was brought down to Quetta.


A haemorrhage on 1 September and pneumonia by 9 September forced the decision his doctors had urged: an immediate return to Karachi. On 11 September 1948 he was flown to Mauripur air base — but the ambulance taking him to the Governor-General's House broke down after only a few miles, and he waited about an hour by the roadside.


He reached the Governor-General's House more than two hours after landing, and died that night at 10:20 pm, aged 71, with Fatima Jinnah beside him. The next day an estimated one million people joined his funeral in Karachi; Khawaja Nazimuddin succeeded him as Governor-General.


He was buried in a simple grave. The white-marble Mazar-e-Quaid that stands over it today was built only between 1960 and 1971. Next episode: History of Pakistan #03 — who killed Liaquat Ali Khan?


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